Updated: 28Oct2021
# Purpose
This presentation contains Ideas about how a flight should be broken apart to better engage threats, and Failures of the 5 second Sort method. At the end each flight should be able to:
- Understand missile employment and Sort orders
- Gage enemy threats and respond accordingly
# 5 Second Sorting Rules
1. ==SHOOT== your position (tgt size `SMALL`)
2. ==SHOOT== a wingman (tgt size `NORMAL`)
>[!quote]
> ==Lead==: “flight, enemy 3 ship bearing 030 for 40 NM, sort twiz x2”
> `Wing`: “2, 3 ship sorted”
> ==Lead==: “Small-shot.. Fire” SMALL- MANDATORY ATTACK- NEXT LAUNCH
> ==Lead==: “Normal-shot 3 2 1 Fire” NORMAL NEXT LAUNCH (5 SECOND LINE)
> `Wing`: “Fox 3 times 2”
![[Pasted image 20230905183600.png]]
# Failures
Failures of the first engagement can be broken into two types of failures
- Incorrect Launch Parameters
- Incorrect Sorting commands
## Description of failure
**Incorrect Launch Parameters** - The shots taken were outside the envelope of probable kill and thus the first engagement was ineffective
**Incorrect Sorting commands** - Incorrect sorting orders, or lack of clarification caused not all enemies to be targeted, or inefficient usage of ammunition
We will take a look at one example of Launch parameters and three examples of sorting command failure
# Rules of Thumb for Phoenix Launch
At 25,000 ft, 300 knots the Phoenix has an effective **flight** range of 50 miles.
**Altitude Rule**: For every 10,000 ft change Range changes by 10 miles.
**Closing Rule**: For every 100 knots of target airspeed, the launch window changes 5 NM.
**Speed Rule**: For every 50 knots change Range changes by 1 mile.
# Sort Failure due to Launch Parameters
![[Pasted image 20230905183750.png]]
Difference of 10,000 FT means subtract 10 NM from your range. Lead Launched at 50 NM
![[Pasted image 20230905183853.png]]
We see correct TTI, flashing TTI, and start cranking assuming the enemies went defensive.
![[Pasted image 20230905183917.png]]
Due to out of envelope Launches all phoenixes were defeated with low energy states and the enemies have an altitude and positional advantage.
# 5 Second Sorting Orders
Below are 4 main sort orders-
| RADIO CALL | DESCRIPTION | NOTES |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| “SORT TWIZ x2” | all in the flight will fire TWS x2 | Ammo intensive, BEST kill probability |
| “SORT ” (DEFAULT) | the last one in the flight (trail) will fire PD. | Reduces threat immediately with decent kill probability |
| “SORT TWIZ” or “SORT TWIZ SINGLE” | all in the flight will fire TWS x1. | only for 1 to 1 ratio, O.K. kill probability |
| “SORT ALL PD” | all in the flight will shoot PD on target. | only for 1 to 1 ratio, threat defeated immediately, LOWEST kill probability |
# Sorting Command Failure
## SORT ALL PD
![[Pasted image 20230905184427.png]]
Error: 1 fighter unaccounted for
Solution: SORT, or SORT TWIZx2
## SORT TWIZ x2
![[Pasted image 20230905184535.png]]
Error: Poor ammunition management
Solution: push 3 off for Element Grinder
## SORT TWIZ x2
![[Pasted image 20230905184642.png]]
Error: 1 unaccounted for
Solution: SORT TWIZ x2 order requires more information
# Complex First Engagements
ALL size engagements can be broken up into smaller engagements. There are 2 basic engagements such that all complex engagements will be broken up into these smaller, more manageable sorties
![[Pasted image 20230905185902.png]]
## 2v2 Basic Engagement
Lead shoots TWS X2 Wingman shoots PD-STT (or TWS X2) (SORT or SORT TWIZ x2)
![[Pasted image 20230905185952.png]]
## 2v3 Basic Engagement
Lead shoots TWS X2 Wingman shoots TWS X2 (SORT TWIZ x2)
![[Pasted image 20230905190035.png]]
We see Lead spit up his flight into two groups who engage 2v3 sorting. This is set up before the initial sort command, so everyone understands what is happening.
![[Pasted image 20230905190155.png]]
More like two groups of 2v3
## Overcrowded First Engagements
How about an overcrowded 4v3? Do we triple, or quadruple targets with phoenix missiles? Is that wasting ammunition?
![[Pasted image 20230905190254.png]]
4V3?
## Overcrowded First Engagements
Here we can start either a pseudo-grinder, or create a wall behind the first engagement for SA and sorting the second engage.
![[Pasted image 20230905190408.png]]
2V3, second group sets up to clean up leakers